Courtyard of Lions - fountain

The Fountain of the Lions in the Patio of the Lions in the Alhambra. During Moorish times, the fountain worked as a clock with a different lion spouting water each hour. Legend has it that the conquering Christians disassembled the fountain and were never able to get it working again.

While the 12 lions surrounding the central fountain are the courtyard's most recognizable feature. Some believe the sculptors based them on stylized griffins, mythical creatures popular in Persian and Mesopotamian art.

The water flowing from the lions' mouths isn't just decorative. It represented the four rivers of Paradise in Islamic tradition: the Nile, Tigris, Euphrates, and Indus.

The courtyard's intricate water system was an engineering feat for its time. Hidden channels and reservoirs ensured the fountain's constant flow, symbolizing life and purity.

The courtyard was the heart of the royal palace, used for official ceremonies and receptions. Its grandeur and intricate details served to showcase the power and wealth of the Nasrid dynasty.

Beneath the courtyard lies a hidden water chamber, accessible through a secret passage. This chamber played a crucial role in maintaining the water system and served as a potential escape route in case of danger.

Over the centuries, the courtyard's appearance has shifted. Originally, a central garden filled the space between the fountain and the surrounding arcades. This was later removed to prevent moisture damage.

The courtyard's design reflects a blend of Islamic and Christian influences. The horseshoe arches and geometric patterns are characteristic of Islamic architecture, while the fountain and water channels evoke Roman and Byzantine styles.

The intricate tilework adorning the walls and arches is a masterpiece of craftsmanship. Each tile is hand-painted and glazed, showcasing the artistic skill of the Nasrid artisans.

Despite centuries of weathering and historical changes, the Courtyard of Lions remains a captivating and enduring symbol of Granada's rich history and architectural brilliance.